Poland’s Startup Path Is Still Open – But Only for the Serious
For several years, Poland has supported entrepreneurial immigration through business residence permits, often facilitated via startup incubators. While 2025 did not introduce a dedicated startup visa, it significantly tightened controls on how foreigners can access and retain legal stay based on business activity.
This section outlines what stayed the same, what changed, and how founders must now navigate a stricter system to remain in compliance.
No Dedicated Startup Visa (Status Quo)
Poland still does not have a standalone visa category for startup founders. Foreign entrepreneurs must:
- Either apply for a TRC based on business activity (usually through an LLC or JDG)
- Or join a recognized incubator that sponsors their residence permit
Per the Office for Foreigners: Poland’s legal system offers a general TRC for economic activity, not a “startup visa.” That legal basis remains unchanged in 2025 — but eligibility and enforcement standards are now stricter than ever.
What Changed in 2025?
1. Stricter Eligibility & Oversight
- Authorities now deny business TRCs if the venture appears non-genuine
- Short-stay visa holders (tourists, students, visitors) are disqualified from registering a sole proprietorship (JDG)
- Incubators are monitored to detect “visa factories” offering residence in exchange for fees without real business activity
Note: Only foreigners with qualifying long-term residence or a proper Type D visa can register a sole trader business. The catch-22 is now fully enforced: you need a permit to run a business, and you need a business to get the permit — so plan ahead or use a company (Sp. z o.o.).
2. In-Country Status Switching Is Mostly Blocked
Foreigners cannot switch to business or work-based TRC from inside Poland if they entered on:
- Tourist visa or visa-free stay
- Student, cultural, humanitarian, or internship visas
You must leave Poland and re-enter on a Type D national visa with the purpose “prowadzenie działalności gospodarczej” (business activity). The reform closes the loophole where people arrived on a tourist stamp, formed a company, and then filed for a TRC.
3. Business Permit Requirements Still Apply – But Now Enforced
Article 142 of the Foreigners Act still governs business TRC eligibility. Your company must demonstrate potential for one or more of:
- Generating revenue: typically 12x the average Polish monthly wage
- Employing 2 full-time Polish workers for at least one year
- Providing regional or technological innovation
Previously, these thresholds were loosely enforced. Now, renewals will be denied unless you’ve met them. Business owners must show bank records, contracts, invoices, payroll — not just a registration certificate.
Incubators: Still Viable, Now Monitored
Government-approved incubators and accelerators like Poland Prize are still operational. They:
- Offer mentorship and workspace
- Sometimes help with funding
- Often co-sponsor TRC applications
But in 2025, incubators themselves can be penalized if found accepting foreign applicants with no real business plan. They are being audited to avoid acting as “residence permit brokers.”
Expect to submit:
- Business plan
- Letters of intent
- Proof of funds or savings
- Polish bank account with working capital
New Pathway for Foreign Graduates
A new policy, introduced under an EU directive in early 2025, offers:
- A 9-month post-graduation visa for foreign university graduates in Poland
- Purpose: look for a job or start a business
- During that time, they may form a company and then apply for a business-based TRC
This is now the official bridge for students → founders.
Legal Grey Zones Have Shrunk
- Joining an incubator to change TRC purpose may still work, if done before your current permit expires
- “Umbrella companies” or incubators invoicing on your behalf are allowed — but only if your role doesn’t require a work permit
- Civil contracts and B2B loopholes used to avoid employment permits are now actively investigated by inspectors
Key Takeaways for Entrepreneurs in 2025
- Get a Type D visa for business before arriving
- Register a limited company (Sp. z o.o.) rather than trying to open a JDG on tourist/student status
- Don’t overstay, misdeclare, or run ghost businesses — renewals depend on performance, not paperwork
- Partner only with credible incubators who demand real startup plans
- Keep your financials clean and show your economic impact during renewal
Need Help Starting a Business in Poland?
English Wizards offers:
- Full LLC formation and JDG registration support
- Legal power of attorney services for remote setup
- Business permit consultations and application assistance
- Partnerships with vetted incubators and legal accountants
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